Saudi Arabia Länderverzeichnis

Saudi Arabia, situated in the Arabian Peninsula, is a land of rich history, cultural heritage, and modern ambition. Known as the birthplace of Islam, it is home to two of Islam's holiest cities, Mecca and Medina, drawing millions of pilgrims annually. Beyond its religious significance, the country offers breathtaking landscapes, from the vast Rub' al Khali (Empty Quarter) desert to the pristine Red Sea coastline and mountainous Asir region.

The Kingdom is undergoing significant transformation under its Vision 2030 initiative, blending tradition with modernization. Visitors can explore a unique mix of ancient archaeological sites like Al-Ula, futuristic cities like NEOM, and bustling modern hubs such as Riyadh and Jeddah.

Saudi Arabia's climate varies across regions, with the following highlights:

• Central Region: Riyadh and the surrounding areas experience a desert climate with extremely hot summers and mild winters. Summers can reach up to 50°C, while winters range between 10–20°C, ideal for travel.
• Coastal Region: Jeddah and other Red Sea cities enjoy a warm, humid climate. Summers are hot but mitigated by sea breezes, while winters are pleasant, with temperatures ranging from 20–30°C.
• Northern and Mountainous Regions: Areas like Tabuk and Abha have cooler climates. Tabuk even sees snowfall in winter, while Abha's high altitude ensures a more temperate climate year-round.

The best time to visit Saudi Arabia is during the cooler months, from November to March, when temperatures are comfortable for outdoor exploration.

Saudi Arabia has a robust transportation network, with numerous international airports facilitating global connections:

• King Abdulaziz International Airport (Jeddah): Gateway for pilgrims heading to Mecca.
• King Khalid International Airport (Riyadh): A major hub for business and government travel.
• King Fahd International Airport (Dammam): Serving the Eastern Province.

International travelers can also enter Saudi Arabia by land through neighboring countries like Jordan and the UAE or by sea, with ferry services operating across the Red Sea.

Saudi Arabia's entertainment landscape is evolving rapidly. While alcohol is prohibited, the country offers a wide range of family-friendly activities, cultural events, and modern entertainment options.

Major cities like Riyadh, Jeddah, and Dammam host concerts, sporting events, and movie screenings in line with Vision 2030. Cafes and restaurants are popular social hubs, often offering live music or cultural performances. Cultural landmarks such as Diriyah and Al-Balad are also must-visits for history and architecture enthusiasts.

Saudi Arabia offers a variety of unique souvenirs and luxury items. Consider buying:

• Gold and Jewelry: Known for intricate designs, especially in Jeddah's gold souks.
• Traditional Clothing: Abayas, bishts, and other traditional garments are widely available.
• Spices: Authentic Arabian spices, saffron, and traditional coffee blends.
• Dates: Premium varieties like Ajwa and Sukari are world-renowned.
• Handicrafts: Bedouin carpets, pottery, and traditional jewelry reflect the country's rich heritage.
• Perfumes and Incense: Oud and Bakhoor are popular and make excellent gifts.

• Riyadh Season (October-March): A series of concerts, festivals, and cultural events.
• Janadriyah Festival (February): Celebrating Saudi culture and heritage.
• Jeddah Season (June-July): Featuring concerts, art exhibitions, and watersports.
• Winter at Tantora (December-March): Al-Ula hosts this music and cultural festival.

• September 23: National Day of Saudi Arabia.
• Eid Al-Fitr: Celebrating the end of Ramadan.
• Eid Al-Adha: Coinciding with the annual Hajj pilgrimage.

• Saudi Arabia follows Islamic laws and customs; modest dress is required, especially for women.
• Non-Muslims are not allowed to enter Mecca and Medina.
• Photography of government buildings and military installations is prohibited.
• Fridays are the weekly day of rest, with most businesses closed during Friday prayers.
• Respect for Islamic traditions, such as avoiding eating or drinking in public during Ramadan, is essential.

Saudi Arabia has a growing and modern transportation network:

• High-Speed Rail: The Haramain Train connects Mecca, Medina, Jeddah, and King Abdullah Economic City.
• Metro Systems: Riyadh and Jeddah are developing comprehensive metro networks.
• Taxis and Ride-Sharing: Apps like Careem and Uber are widely used in urban areas.
• Domestic Flights: Saudi Airlines and Flynas operate flights connecting major cities.

Saudi Arabia is deeply rooted in Islamic traditions while embracing modernization. Visitors can experience traditional Arabian hospitality and cuisine. Some must-try dishes include:

• Kabsa: A rice and meat dish seasoned with traditional spices.
• Mandi: A smoky rice dish originating from Yemen but popular across Saudi Arabia.
• Mutabbaq: A savory stuffed pancake.
• Qahwa: Traditional Arabic coffee, often served with dates.

As the world's largest oil producer, Saudi Arabia's economy is heavily reliant on hydrocarbons. However, the Vision 2030 initiative is driving diversification into tourism, technology, and entertainment. The country is a significant player in global trade, with major partners including China, the USA, and Japan.

Saudi Arabia offers various visa options, including:

• e-Visa: Available for citizens of over 50 countries.
• Hajj and Umrah Visas: Specifically for pilgrims.
• Tourist Visas: Part of Vision 2030 to boost tourism.

Saudi Arabia maintains an extensive diplomatic network, with embassies and consulates in over 100 countries, ensuring strong international relations and support for citizens abroad.