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It is located in the Horn of Africa and is the capital of Somaliland, which continues its existence as a self-governing region of Somalia. It is located in the northwestern part of Somalia. Hargeisa is the second largest city within the borders of Somalia after Mogadishu, the capital of Somalia. Somaliland, which is not diplomatically recognized by any country today, declared its independence from Britain in 1991 and joined to Somalia and Hargeisa was declared as the capital city. Although Somaliland tried to gain its independence from Somalia in the course of history, it had to bow to the overwhelming political and military power of Somalia.
Somaliland, which is deprived of all diplomatic relations and financial aids because of not being recognized in the international arena, has showed a significant improvement economically. In this field, it is a self-sufficient country. The capital Hargeisa is the most important and largest city of Somaliland. In the city which is the center of import and export of the country, gemstone mining is the basic economic activity. The food, construction, retail and service sectors are also highly developed. Laas Geel, which dates back to 9,000 BC and is one of the best-preserved areas in the world, is the most important culture and tourism heritage of the city.
There are rock shelters and caves in Laas Geel. Hargeisa Provincial Museum, which depicts the cultural history of Somalia and hosts 1400 works of art, is another attractive place to be visited. Hargeisa which experiences severe drought throughout the year is under the effect of steppe climate. Hargeisa International Airport is located 12,9 kilometers of the city center.